An Analysis of the Key Factors Behind the Fall of KingAmanullah Khan’s Monarchy (1919–1929)

الملخص

 Abstract

In the realm of politics, the rise and fall of governments and monarchies depend on a variety of factors. This reality has been repeatedly observed in the modern history of Afghanistan, with the collapse of the monarchy and the modernization period of Amanullah Khan being among the most notable examples. The purpose of this article is to examine and explain the key factors that led to the downfall of Amanullah Khan’s monarchy in Afghanistan’s contemporary political history, as well as to understand the mechanisms behind the decline of governments in the country. The research adopts a historical method with a descriptive–analytical approach, and the required data have been collected through library-based study. The findings reveal that Amanullah Khan’s personal characteristics, the formulation of programs incompatible with public beliefs, and the administrative system’s weakness in addressing domestic affairs and foreign policy collectively created the conditions for the collapse of his monarchy.

Keywords: Amanullah Khan, Reforms, Causes of Downfall,Monarchy, James Rosenau’s Linkage Theory.