A Review of New Trends in Sustainable Agriculture and Their Impact on Rural Economic Development

Abstract

Sustainable agriculture is considered a key strategy for addressing contemporary challenges related to food security, natural resource conservation, and the economic development of rural communities. The main goal of this article is to examine new trends in sustainable agriculture and their impact on rural economic development. Using a scientific literature review method, this article investigates novel trends in sustainable agriculture and analyzes their effects on economic development in rural areas. The findings, derived from the collection and analysis of reliable scientific sources, indicate that the application of new technologies, sustainable agricultural systems, natural resource management methods, and farmers' participation in local decision-making processes leads to increased productivity, improved income, and enhanced livelihoods for rural families. Furthermore, sustainable agriculture can serve as a foundation for stable employment and reduced internal migration. Although this approach offers numerous benefits, challenges such as a lack of investment, insufficient technical knowledge, ineffective policies, and the consequences of climate change hinder its full implementation in developing countries, particularly Afghanistan. By reviewing successful experiences in various countries, this article demonstrates that aligning agricultural policies with sustainability principles, supporting governmental and international institutions, and strengthening local capacities can create a conducive environment for rural economic development. Ultimately, this research emphasizes the necessity of prioritizing sustainable agriculture as an effective strategy for achieving sustainable development goals.